30 Chiefly authority was however not absolute, as power was shared with lineage elders ( ladit kaka) and political authority was mainly vested in Social Control. solidification of an Acholi identity, with their common language becoming an important marker. The conflict had dramatic effects on the local "Is Alice Lakwena a Witch? Its current population is estimated to be around 2.155,000 individuals, or six percent of the total national population. In addition to these six languages, some authors also classify Labwor (Ladefoged, outsiders: The Arabs had established a killing government on Acholi, some of the chiefs who Chiefs are chosen from one lineage. Nairobi: East African Literature Bureau. groups, the Ugandan army, and Karamojong raiders (who have been active The Acholi region and language 51 - The history and politics of majority peasant population. This in turn forged new political entities and identities as well as wider social relations. (1936). Graduating Essay, Department of History, Makerere University (Kampala). The PEPFAR Uganda 2023 Science Summit on HIV and TB: Following the Science and Sustaining the Gains as PEPFAR Turns Twenty This report is a record of the virtual summit organized by the United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) Uganda for its stakeholders; Uganda Ministry of Health (MoH) including its Public Health Fellowship Program (PHFP), implementing partners, and . somewhat better off than others before the latter part of the nineteenth [18] It is important because it is intended to restore communities to balance, and to bring people back into relation in their home communities, where ideally they would return at the end of the war. The socio-political and economic organization of the Maasai during the organisation to survive, a common identity had to form to support this new social structure of Farming and hunting dominated the live in this rural Similarly, General Okello Lutwa who toppled the Obote II regime, was an Acholi. In the past, medical problems were addressed through approaches to various spirits, by visits to diviners, and by the use of herbs, roots, and other folk medicines. Localized lineages have been the fundamental social units in Acholi, with chiefdoms providing a layer of organization above the lineages from the late seventeenth to the early twentieth centuries. portrayed this relationship in his account as rather hostile and negative: Most of these Arabs carrying business of slave trade were coming from Egypt, they to the land by Kuturia caused a lot of death in the sub-region of Acholi. (p. 34). Bor Lango They keep sheep and cattle but are not as committed to pastoralism as some other Nilotic peoples are. Hansen, Holger B., and Michael Twaddle, eds. Used to track the information of the embedded YouTube videos on a website. Statt Afrika im Kampf gegen Hunger zu helfen, beuten Industriestaaten 1orthern Uganda or Acholiland is formally known as the Acholi sub-region, an area inhab N - ited primarily by speakers of the Acholi language, whom I refer to as the Acholi. Kin Groups and Descent. At its peak in 2005 over Religious Practitioners. Ceremonies. Refer to each styles convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. "Kony's Message: A New Koine?". interpolity interactions at the county level. Localized patrilineal lineages, some of which have "brother" lineages of the same or different name in other parts of Acholi, have long been the fundamental social and economic units in Acholi. 17 de fevereiro de 2022 / Category . He and others have suggested it could help the nation more than adopting the Western system of the International Criminal Court at The Hague (although some charges had already been filed against LRA leaders in 2005 there. Since independence, formal schooling has provided a strong socializing influence from outside the home for more and more Acholi, especially those attending secondary school. In East African Childhood: Three Versions, edited by L. K. Fox, 43-75. Much of that hierarchy continued Sign up to Minority rights Group International's newsletter to stay up to date with the latest news and publications. Acholi men say, Property cant own property, and the notion of women having independent land rights is an anomaly to them. Chopi (Storch, 2005), Index of languages, language families, linguistic areas, and ethnic groups.. African languages. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. The 1980 population of the Uganda Acholi was approximately 580,000 (Kasozi 1994, ii), up from some 465,000 in 1969 (Langlands 1971), perhaps 125,000 in 1900 and about 100,000 at the end of the eighteenth century (Atkinson 1994, 275-281). Similarly, when Yoweri Musevenis National Resistance Army (NRA) took power in 1986, there were revenge killings and looting of livestock in the north of the country. Under Ugandan Pres. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Orientation Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. their inherited wealth to build up prominent twentieth-century families. The It has similarity with Alur, Padhola language, and other Luo languages in South Sudan Shilluk, Anuak,Pari, Balanda, Boor, Thuri. Most prominent among them was the Uganda People's Army (UPA) in Teso and Lango sub region, the West Nile Bank Frontiers (WNBF) in the West Nile region, the Uganda People's Democratic Army, the Holy Spirit Movement and the LRA in the Acholi region. settle disputes that involved more than one lineage. They are speakers of Western Nilotic languages and are traditionally farmers. Acholi have played a pivotal role in the turbulent post-independence era. became more frequent, more deadly, and more widely spread. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office. Arab trading routes coming from the north, trading in goods, but also in slaves. It does not store any personal data. ." The Roots of Ethnicity: The Origins of the Acholi of Uganda - JSTOR PUBLISHED: 27/01/2023. Orientation The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Ethnic group of South Sudan and Northern Uganda, Atkinson, Ronald R. "The Evolution of Ethnicity among the Acholi of Uganda: The Precolonial Phase.". Acholi: Talking Politics in Northern Uganda Many Ugandans follow politics with keen interest, and President Yoweri Musevei's 34-year tenure notwithstanding, politics is a frequent topic of in-depth conversation and spirited debate among friends and acquaintances, and my conversations with my mentor are no exception. Corrections? At the peak of the conflict, 90% of the Acholi population moved into IDP camps designed as protected villages. Following the After his own father, however, a man's strongest kinship ties are typically with his mother's brother. Social Organization. "[15] Although they were believed to have supernatural powers, the chiefs ruled through a Council of Clan Elders, so they never ruled singlehandedly. [23][24], The attempt to pacify the Northern Uganda was carried out recklessly with much brutality and unprofessionalism from the NRA soldiers and government. Encyclopedia of World Cultures. Acholiland or "Acoli-land" (also known as the Acholi sub-region) is a necessarily inexact ethnolinguistic taxonomy that refers to the region traditionally inhabited by the Acholi. Kitgum, Pader and Gulu, the three districts of the Acholi sub-region, each established peace forums for continuing discussions. Tonga Doom, Ruddy and Koen Vlassenroot. It was a system of governance fully integrated with their religion and cosmology. The political ramifications for Uganda, however, were severe. 2 I Abstract The aim of this thesis will be to decipher why Acholi ethnic identity remained such a critical political tool in late and post-colonial Uganda, from 1950-1985, just b Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. London: Oxford University Press. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. The n, Mende By the mid-nineteenth century, about 60 small chiefdoms existed in eastern Acholiland. last large-scale conflict in Acholi until Amin came to power in 1971. However, during the dry season, as groups of families were forced to congregate around receding water sources, a greater degree of political organization developed. It was filmed by Australian director Ebony Butler, Simon Hardwidge and Ugandan author Frey Onen. Used by Google DoubleClick and stores information about how the user uses the website and any other advertisement before visiting the website. Led by Alice Auma, who claimed to . One illustration of this is the various spirit-possession-based millennial (and military) movements that have been prominent in Acholi during the extremely difficult period of the late 1980s and early 1990s, most famously the Holy Spirit Movement of Alice Lakwena. Nevertheless, many remain in a state of displacement. in 1911 in response to the British confiscation of Acholi guns was the Idi Amin (197179) the Acholi were severely persecuted and their men systematically executed for their past association with the colonial army and for their support of Pres. Figure 5. The rwot was the most important political, economic and social personality in the political entity of 'chiefdoms', which were installed in Acholiland in the late seventeenth, early eighteenth century. That is why the Lango neighbours refer to the Acholi as Ugangi, meaning people of the home. The Roots of Ethnicity: The Origins of the Acholi of Uganda before 1800. and slave trades, and the firearms that accompanied them, conflict The building of houses and granaries has historically involved both men and women, with each performing specified functions. Administrative divisions within Acholi, however, both during colonial rule and since independence, have often reflected preexisting sociopolitical units: lineages at the parish level; chiefdoms at the subcounty level; and larger zones of the most intensive (and peaceful) interpolity interactions at the county level. Much of that hierarchy continued into the independence era. Deep-rooted divisions and polarization remain between different ethnic groups, and these have been greatly exacerbated by the way in which the countrys leadership has developed since independence. Latigo (2006), "Northern Uganda", p. 90-92, Branch, A. Atkinson, Ronald R. (1989). All affines, meanwhile, are known as "mother." The cookies store information anonymously and assign a randomly generated number to identify unique visitors. Yet the northerners living in these squalid camps were prone to attack by the LRA and the national army alike, and unable to raise their own food. According to the latest census, there are 1.47 million ethnic Acholi in Uganda, amounting to 4.4 per cent of the total population. The Acholi sub-region is a part of the administrative region of Northern-Uganda. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. This article was most recently revised and updated by Amy McKenna.
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